存储系统中的LUN的分区设置一般有四种方式:
一种基于存储控制器,第二种方式是基于存储主机端口,第三种是基于存储与主机端的LUN MAPPING功能,第四种是依靠HBA卡自身的MAPPING功能。所有存储设备都支持第一种方式,中级以上存储设备还都支持第二种方式,部分高级存储支持第三种方式,个别型号HBA卡支持第四种方式。
第一种方式(基于存储主机控制)要求两种控制器之间关闭缓存共享,两个控制器分别管理不同的卷,FC交换机必须有ZONEING功能,两个控制器的主机端口分别连接到不同的ZONE中。在实际使用过程中,控制器针对任何一个单卷只能相当于单控制,没有热备。一旦一个控制器发生故障,其所管理的卷就会切换到另一台控制上,故障主机所连接的主机将无法正常进行访问,即使修改FC交换机的zoneing设置也无法恢复LUN 分区功能。
第二种方式(基于存储主机端口)是存储设备中的卷与存储设备的主机端口分别绑定,主机通过不同的存储主机端口将访问到不同的卷。该方式要求FC交换机必须有ZONEING功能,主机按照业务的要求分别连接到交换机的不同的zone中。缺点是当一个控制器或一个存储主机端口发生故障时,部分客户端主机将无法正常进行访问。通过修改FC交换机的zoneing设置和LUN与存储主机端口之间的MAPPING,一般来说可以恢复LUN 分区功能。
第三种方式(基于存储与主机端的LUN MAPPING)是最灵活、最安全的方式。可以看做是存储设备这个整体与不主机之间建立的MAPPING关系,实施时FC交换机不需要ZONEING功能。只要在存储设备的管理窗口中正确区别不同主机上HBA卡的WWN地址,就可以完成整个网络的LUN 分区设置。只要不是两个控制器或所有存储主机端口都发生故障,网络都会是正常的。
第四种方式(依靠HBA卡自身的MAPPING功能)实际相当于存储没有LUN 分区功能,每一台主机都可以“识别”到所有的卷,只不过在HBA卡的设置工具中设置某一个卷是否可用,相当于在设备管理器设置是否禁用光驱或软驱一样。
一个具体的项目到底选择哪种LUN分区方式,主要要看业务是否允许LUN分区功能发生短时间的故障,也要看现有什么样的存储设备、FC交换机和HBA卡,还要看网络主机数量的多少,安装时有多大的工作量,发生故障时需要多长时间才能恢复。具体情况具体分析吧。
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